Alloy simbi yekugadzira maitiro anonyanya kukanganisa kuoma kwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira, chinhu chakakosha pakuona kushanda uye kusimba kwechikamu. Alloy steels, anoumbwa nesimbi uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita sechromium, molybdenum, kana nickel, anoratidza akakwidziridzwa machanicha zvinhu zvichienzaniswa nekabhoni simbi. Maitiro ekuumba, anosanganisira deformation yesimbi ichishandisa compression forces, inoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa zvinhu izvi, kunyanya kuoma.
Forging Techniques uye Mabatiro Avo Pakuoma
1. Hot Forging: Iyi nzira inosanganisira kupisa simbi yealloy kusvika kune tembiricha iri pamusoro peiyo recrystallization point, kazhinji pakati pe1,100 ° C uye 1,200 ° C. Iyo tembiricha yepamusoro inoderedza viscosity yesimbi, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore deformation. Kupisa kwekubikira kunosimudzira chimiro chezviyo chakanatswa, chinosimudzira simbi yemagetsi, kusanganisira kuoma. Nekudaro, kuoma kwekupedzisira kunoenderana neanotevera kutonhora mwero uye kupisa kurapwa kwakaiswa. Kukurumidza kutonhora kunogona kukonzera kuomarara kwekuwedzera nekuda kwekuumbwa kwemartensite, nepo kutonhora kunononoka kunogona kukonzera kushatirwa, kushoma kuoma zvinhu.
2. Cold Forging: Kusiyana nekupisa kunopisa, kutonhora kunotonhora kunoitwa pane kana pedyo nekamuri tembiricha. Iyi nzira inowedzera kusimba uye kuoma kwezvinhu kuburikidza nekuomesera kwekuomesera kana kushanda kuoma. Cold forging inobatsira kugadzira zviyero uye kupera kwepamusoro kwepamusoro, asi kunoganhurirwa neiyo alloy's ductility pakudzika kwakadzika. Iko kuomarara kunowanikwa kuburikidza nekutonhora kwekugadzira kunopesvedzerwa nedhigirii redhivha rinoiswa uye alloy kuumbwa. Post-forging heat treatments kazhinji inodiwa kuti uwane mazinga anodiwa ekuomarara uye kudzoreredza kusarira kushushikana.
3. Isothermal Forging: Iyi tembiricha yepamberi inosanganisira kuforoma patembiricha inoramba iripo panguva yese, kazhinji pedyo nekumusoro kweiyo alloy yekushanda tembiricha. Isothermal forging inodzikisira tembiricha gradients uye inobatsira kuwana yunifomu microstructure, iyo inogona kuwedzera kuomarara uye yakazara mechaniki zvimiro zvealloy simbi. Iyi nzira inonyanya kubatsira kune yakakwirira-kuita maapplication inoda chaiyo kuomarara kutsanangurwa.
Kurapa Kupisa uye Basa Rayo
Iyo yekuumba nzira yega haitaridzi kuoma kwekupedzisira kwesimbi yealloy. Kurapa kwekupisa, kusanganisira kudzima, kudzima, uye kudzikamisa, kwakakosha mukuwana mazinga ekuomarara. Semuyenzaniso:
- Annealing: Kupisa uku kunosanganisira kudziyisa simbi kusvika pakupisa kwakanyanya uye wozoitonhodza zvishoma nezvishoma. Annealing inoderedza kuoma asi inovandudza ductility uye kuoma.
- Kudzima: Kukurumidza kutonhora kubva pakupisa kwakanyanya, kazhinji mumvura kana muoiri, kunoshandura microstructure yesimbi kuita martensite, iyo inowedzera kuoma.
- Kudzikamisa: Kutevera kudzimisa, kupisa kunosanganisira kudziyisa simbi kune yakaderera tembiricha kugadzirisa kuoma uye kubvisa kushushikana kwemukati. Iyi nzira inoenzanisa kuoma uye kuoma.
Mhedziso
Hukama huri pakati pealloy simbi yekugadzira maitiro uye kuoma kwakaoma uye kwakawanda. Kupisa kunopisa, kutonhora kwekugadzira, uye isothermal kuumba imwe neimwe inokanganisa kuoma zvakasiyana, uye kuoma kwekupedzisira kunokanganiswawo neanotevera kupisa kurapwa. Kunzwisisa kupindirana uku kunobvumira mainjiniya kukwidziridza maitiro ekugadzira kuti awane kuomarara kwaunoda uye kuita kwese kwealloy simbi zvikamu. Yakanyatsorongedzerwa kuumbiridza uye nzira dzekupisa dzekupisa dzinoona kuti zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvealloy zvinosangana nezvinoda kuomarara zvemashandisirwo akasiyana siyana, kubva kuzvinhu zvemotokari kuenda kunzvimbo dzemuchadenga.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-22-2024
