Kukosha uye Kurongeka kweOiri Casings

Oiri casings mapombi esimbi akakosha anoshandiswa kutsigira madziro emafuta uye gasi matsime, kuve nechokwadi kugadzikana kwegomba panguva yekuchera uye mushure mekupedza. Basa ravo guru nderekuchengetedza kutendeseka kwetsime, kudzivirira kudonha kwemadziro, uye kuve nechokwadi chekutenderera kwakaringana kwemvura yekuchera. Nhamba uye zvidimbu zvema casings anoshandiswa mutsime rega rega zvinosiyana zvichienderana nekudzika kwekuchera uye geological mamiriro. Kana yangoiswa, casings inoda simende kuchengetedza chinzvimbo chavo uye, nekuda kwemaitiro avo enguva-yekushandisa, haigone kushandiswa zvakare. Casings inodarika 70% yehuwandu hwekushandisa kwepombi dzetsime.

Classification of Casings

Zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwavo, mafuta emafuta anogona kuiswa mumhando dzinotevera:

1. Conductor Pipe: Yakaiswa patsime, inotsigira midziyo yekuchera uye inodzivirira inotevera casings kubva pamusoro pemhedzisiro.
2. Surface Casing: Inodzivirira chikamu chepamusoro chegomba kubva pamatanda epamusoro, kudzivirira kupinda kwemvura yepasi kana mamwe maumbirwo.
3. Intermediate Casing: Inopa imwe tsigiro kutsime uye inoparadzanisa misiyano yekumanikidza pakati pemaumbirwo akasiyana.
4. Production Casing: Inopa rutsigiro rwekupedzisira kutsime uye inobatanidzwa zvakananga mukugadzirwa kwemafuta.

Mhando dzeOiri Tubing

Mapombi akanangana nemafuta anonyanya kushandiswa kuchera nekutakura oiri negasi, kusanganisira:

1. Production Tubing: Inoshandiswa kutakura mafuta uye gasi kubva pasi petsime kusvika pamusoro.
2. Casing: Inotsigira chitubu uye inova nechokwadi chenguva dzose kuchera uye kupedza maitiro.
3. Drill Pipe: Inobatanidza chidimbu chekuchera kumidziyo yekuchera, kutumira simba rekuchera.

Zvinodiwa uye Zviyero zveOiri Casings

Tichifunga nezvekuomesesa uye kusiyanisa mamiriro epasi pevhu, mafuta casings anofanirwa kuita zvinotevera zvinodiwa:

• Zvinodiwa Nesimba: Macasings anofanirwa kuve nesimba rakanyanya kumisa kudzvanywa uye kushushikana kwemafomati. Magiredhi akasiyana-siyana esimbi anoshandiswa, kusanganisira J55, K55, N80, L80, C90, T95, P110, Q125, V150, nezvimwewo. Magiredhi akasiyana anokodzera kudzika kwakasiyana uye mamiriro ekunze.
• Corrosion Resistance: Munzvimbo dzine corrosion, macasings anofanirwa kuve nekudzivirira kwakakwana kune ngura.
• Collapse Resistance: Mumamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara ejoloji, makaseji anofanirwa kuve nekuramba kwakanaka kuti adonhe kudzivirira kutadza kwetsime.

Kukosha kweOiri Tubing muOiri Indasitiri

Indasitiri yemafuta inotsamira zvakanyanya pachubhu yeoiri, ine zvakakosha pamutengo uye kushanda nesimba. Kukosha kunoratidzwa muzvikamu zvakawanda:

1. Huru Huwandu uye Mutengo Wakakwirira: Kushandiswa kwepombi dzetsime kwakakura, uye mutengo wakakwira. Semuenzaniso, kuchera mita imwe yekudzika kunoda makirogiramu makumi matanhatu nemaviri epombi dzemafuta, kusanganisira 48 kg yemakaseji, 10 kg yemachubhu ekugadzira, 3 kg yepombi dzekuchera, uye 0.5 kg yemamwe mapaipi. Kuderedza kushandiswa uye mari kunopa kukosha kwakakosha kwehupfumi.
2. Impact paDrilling Techniques: Iwo emakanika zvivakwa uye kushanda kwezvakatipoteredza kwepombi dzemafuta zvinokanganisa zvakananga kutorwa kwehunyanzvi hwepamberi uye nekusimudzira kugadzirwa kwehunyanzvi.
3. Kuchengeteka uye Kuvimbika+

Muchidimbu, magasi eoiri anoita basa rakakosha mukuchera matsime eoiri, nemhando yavo nekuita kwavo zvichikanganisa kushanda nesimba uye mabhenefiti ehupfumi hwese kuchera.