Nzira yekusarudza sei forging ratio?

Sezvo chiyero chekugadzira chinowedzera, ma pores emukati anomanikidzwa uye se-cast dendrites inotyoka, zvichiita kuti kuve nekunatsiridza kwakakosha mulongitudinal uye transverse mechanical zvimiro zvefogi. Asi kana elongation forging chikamu reshiyo yakakura kupfuura 3-4, sezvo chikamu chekugadzira chikamu chinowedzera, zviri pachena zvimiro zvefiber zvinoumbwa, zvichikonzera kuderera kwakanyanya kweiyo plastiki indekisi ye transverse mechanical properties, zvichiita kuti anisotropy of forging. Kana chiyero chechikamu chekugadzira chiri chidiki kwazvo, iyo yekugadzira haigone kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuita. Kana yakakurisa, inowedzera basa rekugadzira uye zvakare inokonzeresa anisotropy. Naizvozvo, kusarudza chiyero chakakwana chekugadzira inyaya yakakosha, uye nyaya yekusaenzana deformation panguva yekugadzira inofanirwa kutariswa.

The forging reshiyo inowanzoyerwa nechiyero che deformation panguva yekurebesa. Inoreva chiyero chehurefu kusvika kudhayamita yechinhu chinogadzirwa, kana chiyero chemuchinjiko-chikamu cheiyo mbishi zvinhu (kana prefabricated billet) isati yagadzira kune yakayambuka-chikamu nzvimbo yechigadzirwa chakapedzwa mushure mekugadzira. Saizi yechiyero chefogi inokanganisa ma mechanic zvimiro zvesimbi uye mhando yefogi. Kuwedzera chiyero chekugadzira kunobatsira mukuvandudza microstructure uye zvivakwa zvesimbi, asi yakawandisa yekugadzira ratios zvakare haina kubatsira.

Nheyo yekusarudza forging reshiyo ndeyekusarudza diki zvakanyanya sezvinobvira uchive nekuona kwakasiyana siyana kunodiwa forgings. The forging reshiyo kazhinji inotarwa zvichienderana neanotevera mamiriro:

1. Kana yepamusoro-soro kabhoni structural simbi uye alloy structural simbi inoumbwa zvakasununguka pasando: nokuda kwemhando ye shaft forgings, iyo inogadzirwa zvakananga kubva kune ingots dzesimbi, uye chiyero chekugadzira chakaverengerwa zvichienderana nechikamu chikuru chinofanira kuva ≥ 3; The forging reshiyo yakaverengerwa zvichienderana neflanges kana zvimwe zvikamu zvakabudikira zvinofanira kuva ≥ 1.75; Paunenge uchishandisa mabheti esimbi kana zvinhu zvakaputirwa, chiyero chekugadzira chakaverengerwa zvichienderana nechikamu chikuru ≥ 1.5; The forging reshiyo yakaverengerwa zvichibva pamaflange kana zvimwe zvikamu zvakabudikira zvinofanira kuva ≥ 1.3. Nokuda kwezvindori zvemhete, chiyero chekugadzira chinofanira kunge chiri ≥ 3. Nokuda kwekugadzira diski, iyo yakanyatsogadzirwa kubva kune ingots yesimbi, ine mutsara unogumbura we ≥ 3; Mune dzimwe nguva, iyo inogumbura yekugadzira reshiyo inofanirwa kunge iri> 3, asi yekupedzisira maitiro anofanira kunge ari>.

2. High alloy steel billet fabric haingodi chete kubvisa kukanganisa kwayo kwemaitiro, asi inodawo kuva nekupararira kwakafanana kwecarbides, saka chiyero chikuru chekugadzira chinofanira kugamuchirwa. Iyo yekugadzira chiyero chesimbi isina tsvina inogona kusarudzwa se 4-6, nepo chiyero chekugadzira chepamusoro-kumhanya simbi inoda kuva 5-12.